{"id":9735,"date":"2019-02-17T13:00:22","date_gmt":"2019-02-17T17:00:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/?page_id=9735"},"modified":"2019-02-21T14:32:42","modified_gmt":"2019-02-21T18:32:42","slug":"romans-12","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/?page_id=9735","title":{"rendered":"Romans 12"},"content":{"rendered":"


\nRom 12:1-21 KJV –<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies* of God, that ye present your bodies**
\na living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, [which is<\/span><\/em>] your reasonable service.
\n(Heterosis* 531<\/a>; Synecdoche** 641<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n2 And be not conformed to this world<\/a>*: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind,
\nthat ye may prove what [is<\/em><\/span>] that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God.
\n(Metonymy* 594<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n3 For I say, through the grace given unto me, to every man that is among you, not to think<\/a>
\n[of himself<\/em><\/span>]* more highly<\/a> than he ought to think<\/a>; but to think soberly,
\naccording as God hath dealt to every man the measure of faith.
\n(False Ellipsis* 126<\/a>; Paregmenon 305<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n4 For<\/a> as we have many members in one body, and<\/a> all members have not the same office:
\n(Anacoluthon 724<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n5 So<\/a> we, [being<\/em><\/span>] many, are one body in Christ, and every one members one of another.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n6 Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether prophecy,
\n[let us prophesy<\/em><\/span>] according to the proportion of faith;
\n(Ellipsis 57<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n7 Or ministry, [let us wait<\/em><\/span>] on [our<\/em><\/span>] ministering: or he that teacheth, on teaching;
\n(Ellipsis 57<\/a>)
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n8 Or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, [let him do it<\/em><\/span>] with simplicity<\/a>*;
\nhe that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.
\n(Ellipsis 57<\/a>; Idioma* 860<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n9 [Let<\/em><\/span>] love be without dissimulation.
\nAbhor that which is evil; cleave to that which is good.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n10 [Be<\/span><\/em>] kindly affectioned one to another with brotherly love;
\nin honour preferring one another;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n11 Not slothful<\/u><\/a> in business<\/a><\/u>; fervent in spirit*; serving the Lord;
\n(Ellipsis 76<\/a>; Pleonasm<\/u> 418<\/a>; Idioma* 832<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n12 Rejoicing in hope; patient in tribulation; continuing instant in prayer;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n13 Distributing to the necessity of saints; given<\/a>* to hospitality.
\n(Antanaclasis* 291<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n14 Bless them which persecute<\/a>* you: bless, and curse not<\/u>.
\n(Antanaclasis* 291<\/a>; Pleonasm<\/u> 418<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n15 Rejoice<\/u> with them that do rejoice<\/u>, and weep<\/u> with them that weep<\/u>.
\n(Hom\u0153optoton 177<\/a>; Polyptoton<\/u> 274<\/a>; Heterosis 516<\/a> see notes on all three figures)
\n(Hom\u0153opropheron 171<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n16 [Be<\/em><\/span>] of the same mind one toward another. Mind not high things,
\nbut condescend to men of low estate. Be not wise in your own conceits.
\n(Anacoluthon 723<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n17 Recompense to no man evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men.
\n(Anacoluthon 723<\/a>)
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n18 If it be possible, as much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men.
\n(Anacoluthon 723<\/a>)
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but [rather<\/em><\/span>] give place unto* wrath*:
\nfor it is written, Vengeance [is<\/em><\/span>] mine; I will repay, saith the Lord.
\n(Ellipsis* 23<\/a>; Hyperbaton 696<\/a>; Anacoluthon 723<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n20 Therefore if thine* enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink:
\nfor in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head.
\n(Synecdoche 635<\/a>; Anacoluthon 723<\/a>; Apostrophe* 904<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n21 Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nItalicized words in [brackets<\/em><\/span>] were added by the King James Version translators.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nNotes:
\n<\/span><\/span><\/span>Verse 1 Heterosis: plural used for the singular.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 2 Metonymy: \u201cworld\u201d is \u03b1\u1f30\u1ff6\u03bd\u03b9, aion, \u201cage\u201d, and means the standards or values of
\nthe people of this age<\/u>. See also Metonymy<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 3 False Ellipsis: the words \u201cof himself\u201d should not have been added by the translators.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nParegmenon: \u1f51\u03c0\u03b5\u03c1\u03c6\u03c1\u03bf\u03bd\u03b5\u1fd6\u03bd: to think highly of, with the implication of hautiness,
\nbut Dr. Bullinger includes simply to overthink<\/i>.
\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for hyperphrone\u014d (Strong’s 5252)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 7 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G5252& amp;t=KJV ><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 4 Anacoluthon: I am unable to recognize this figure in the passage.
\nI have presented the conjunctions \u201cfor, but, and so\u201d, to show what I perceive to be continuity.
\n\u201cFor\u201d
\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for gar (Strong’s 1063)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 8 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1063& amp;t=KJV ><\/a>
\n\u201cbut\u201d
\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for de (Strong’s 1161)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 8 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1161& amp;t=KJV ><\/a>
\nVerse 5
\n\u201cSo\u201d
\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for hout\u014d(s) (Strong’s 3779)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 8 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3779& amp;t=KJV > <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 6-8 Ellipsis:
\n6  Having then gifts differing according to the grace that is given to us, whether prophecy,
\n[let us prophesy<\/span><\/em>] according to the proportion of faith ( [given<\/em><\/span> or dealt to us<\/em><\/span>]
\nverse 3 \u201c…according as God hath dealt to every man the measure of faith\u201d. );<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n7  Or ministry, ([let us be diligent<\/span><\/em>]) in the ministy:
\nor he that teacheth, ([let him be faithful<\/span><\/em>]) in teaching;<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\n8 – Or he who exhorteth, ([let him employ himself<\/span><\/em>]) in exhortation:
\nhe that distributeth, [let him distribute<\/span><\/em>] with simplicity;
\nhe who presideth, ([let him preside<\/span><\/em>]) with care;
\nhe that sheweth mercy, ([let him show it<\/span><\/em>]) with cheerfulness.
\n(Ellipsis 57<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for haplot\u0113s (Strong’s 572)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 10 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G572& amp;t=KJV > <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 11 Ellipsis: business is the Greek word spoude<\/a> and means haste, earnestness, diligence,
\nearnest care. \u201cNot slothful in earnest care for others<\/em><\/span>\u201d (see verse 10).<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for spoud\u0113 (Strong’s 4710)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 10 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G4710& amp;t=KJV ><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nPleonasm: not sluggish<\/a>. More is said here by using this figure than is necessary, thereby putting emphasis on the idea being repeated. To be diligent is to be not sluggish here.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for okn\u0113ros (Strong’s 3636)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 10 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3636& amp;t=KJV ><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nIdioma: \u201cfervent in spirit\u201d means extremely zealous.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 13, 14 Antanaclasis: a figure where the same word is used more than once in the same sentence, or near proximity, but with different meanings. In v 13 the word \u201cgiven\u201d, \u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2, is a verb meaning to persue after with detirmined haste in a positive way. In v 14 \u201cpersecute\u201d, \u03b4\u03b9\u03ce\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03b1\u03c2 is a verb meaning to persue after with detirmined haste in a negative way. Both are from the word \u03b4\u03b9\u1f7d\u03ba\u03c9, but their meanings clash in order to direct emphasis upon how earnestly one should be commited to hospitality. The word hospitality here is the word \u03c6\u03b9\u03bb\u03bf\u03be\u03b5\u03bd\u1f77\u03b1<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a>, and means love toward strangers.
\nIts only other use is in Hebrews 13:2<\/a> . (see also Acts 9:5<\/a>; 22:4,7,8<\/a>; 26:11,14,15<\/a>).<\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n
\nThe translators could have presented both words in English correctly as \u201cpursue\u201d, but instead they incorporated some of the effect of the figure into their choice of words in translation.
\nThis occurrence of the figure Antanaclasis is very similar to the figure Paregmenon<\/a>, because the words have <\/span><\/span><\/span>different endings. But this is actually due to the same verb being used in different cases. Also, Paregmenon does not necessarily clash the meaning of the same word in each use, but focuses upon the difference derived from the same root. An example of Paregmenon doing this is in
\nMatt. 16:18 between the words Petros (\u03a0\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03bf\u03c2) meaning rock and (\u03c0\u1f73\u03c4\u03c1\u03b1) petra, also meaning rock, are used together to show a difference. Petra is a larger rock than petros, and petros could be a chip off of a petra.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>
\n
\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for di\u014dk\u014d (Strong’s 1377)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 11 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1377& amp;t=KJV ><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for philoxenia (Strong’s 5381)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 11 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G5381& amp;t=KJV > <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for Petros (Strong’s 4074)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 12 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G4074& amp;t=KJV ><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nBlue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for petra (Strong’s 4073)”.
\nBlue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 12 Feb 2019.
\n< http:\/\/ www.blbclassic.org\/lang\/lexicon\/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G4073& amp;t=KJV > <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nPleonasm: another Pleonasm is used in v 14 as \u201c bless, and curse not\u201d. It could have been said \u201cbless\u201d, without mentioning \u201ccurse not\u201d, but the idea is repeated to focus upon the importance of the command. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 15 Hom\u0153optoton<\/span>: The repetition of inflections<\/a>.
\nChairein, \u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd means to rejoice. It is an infinitive verb<\/a> form in the present tense, active voice,
\nand indicative mood, making it a simple statement of fact. This pattern is repeated in the word
\n\u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03af\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd, while \u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, chairont\u014dn (rejoicing) and \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03cc\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd, klaiont\u014dn (weeping)
\nboth are the present tense of active participles (verb with -ing ending).
\n\u03c7\u03b1\u03af\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u1f70 \u03c7\u03b1\u03b9\u03c1\u1f79\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03ba\u03b1\u03b9<\/em><\/span> \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03b5\u03b9\u03bd<\/strong> \u03bc\u03b5\u03c4\u03b1 \u03ba\u03bb\u03b1\u03b9\u03bf\u03bd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd<\/strong> .
\n(chairein<\/strong> meta chairont\u014dn<\/strong> kai<\/em><\/span> klaiein<\/strong> meta klaiont\u014dn<\/strong>).
\nThe word kai<\/em><\/strong><\/span> appears in the Stephen’s \u201cReceived Text\u201d, but not in the Alexandrian based texts. Because this figure can only be seen in the Greek, Dr. Bullinger translates it with different English words so the figure can be better understood.
\n\u201cBe cheerful with those that are glad,<\/strong><\/em>
\nbe tearful with those that are sad\u201d<\/strong><\/em>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nPolyptoton<\/a>: many inflections. This is similar to the figure Hom\u0153optoton<\/a>,
\nonly Hom\u0153optoton repeats the inflection, but Polyptoton does not.
\nIn Eph. 1:3 the word \u201cbless\u201d is used as an adjective, a verb, and then as a noun. This is unlike Antanaclasis which uses the same word, spelled the same way, but with different meanings.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nHom\u0153opropheron is alliteration, which is beginning successive words, or those in close proximity, with the same letter. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerses 16-20 Anacoluthon: changes from second person plural to singular.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 19<\/a> Ellipsis<\/strong><\/em><\/span>:
\n\u201cDearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but [rather<\/span><\/em>] give place unto [the<\/em><\/span><\/strong>] wrath [of God<\/em><\/span><\/strong>]:
\nfor it is written, Vengeance [is<\/em><\/span>] mine; I will repay, saith the Lord\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nAnother way this could be expressed is \u201c…give place unto [divine<\/em><\/strong><\/span>] wrath\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nHyperbaton<\/a>: this is when a word or words are placed out of their normal order in a sentence.
\nIn v 19 \u201c…yourselves avenge not…\u201d puts emphasis on \u201cyourselves\u201d.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nVerse 20 Synecdoche: a part for the whole.
\nFeeding and giving drink to those in need are only among the ways one can express God’s love. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nApostrophe<\/a>: a turning aside from the main subject to address another topic.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nThanks to the Bible Hub website for their online interlinear<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nThanks go to Blue Letter Bible<\/a> and Internet Archive<\/a> and The Cornell University Library<\/a>
\nfor providing public domain material. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nThanks also to E. W. Bullinger for his work
\n\u201cFigures Of Speech Used In The Bible<\/a>\u201d, and thanks to you for taking the time here.
\nSee original at link.          Stream<\/a>           Download<\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n


\nfiguresofspeechinthebible.net \u00a9 2013-2019. All rights reserved. Material in public domain may be freely copied and distributed without charge for educational, non-commercial purposes. This website, and those referenced by this site as sources of public domain material, are to be referenced. Material that is not in public domain, and indicated as such, is the property of its rightful owner(s), and\/or originator. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rom 12:1-21 KJV – 1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies* of God, that ye present your bodies** a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, [which is] your reasonable service. (Heterosis* 531; Synecdoche** 641) 2 And be not conformed to this world*: but be ye transformed by the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":8907,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9735","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9735","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9735"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9735\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9930,"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9735\/revisions\/9930"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/8907"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/figuresofspeechinthebible.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9735"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}