Rom 16:1-27 KJV
1 I commend unto you Phebe our sister, which is a servant of the church which is at Cenchrea:
2 That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also.
(Genitive case 999)
3 Greet Priscilla and Aquila my helpers in Christ Jesus:
(Metonymy 569)
4 Who have for my life* laid down their own necks*: unto whom not only I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles.
(Synecdoche* 641)
5 Likewise [greet] the church that is in their house. Salute my wellbeloved Epaenetus, who is the firstfruits of Achaia unto Christ.
6 Greet Mary, who bestowed much labour on us.
7 Salute Andronicus and Junia, my kinsmen, and my fellowprisoners, who are of note among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
(Metonymy 569)
8 Greet Amplias my beloved in the Lord.
9 Salute Urbane, our helper in Christ, and Stachys my beloved.
10 Salute Apelles approved in Christ. Salute them which are of Aristobulus’ [household].
11 Salute Herodion my kinsman. Greet them that be of the [household] of Narcissus, which are in the Lord.
12 Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.
13 Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.
14 Salute Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermas, Patrobas, Hermes, and the brethren which are with them.
15 Salute Philologus, and Julia, Nereus, and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints which are with them.
16 Salute one another with an holy kiss. The churches of Christ salute you.
(Ellipsis 62)
17 Now I beseech you, brethren, mark them which cause divisions and offences contrary to the doctrine which ye have learned; and avoid them.
18 For they that are such serve not our Lord Jesus Christ, but their own belly; and by good words and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the simple*.
(Synecdoche 647; Idioma* 860; Synonymia)
19 For your obedience is come abroad unto all [men]. I am glad therefore on your behalf: but yet I would have you wise unto that which is good, and simple* concerning evil.
(Idioma* 860; Synonymia)
20 And the God of peace shall bruise Satan under your feet shortly. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ [be] with you. Amen.
21 Timotheus my workfellow, and Lucius, and Jason, and Sosipater, my kinsmen, salute you.
22 I Tertius, who wrote [this] epistle, salute you in the Lord.
23 Gaius mine host, and of the whole church, saluteth you. Erastus the chamberlain* of the city saluteth you, and Quartus a brother.
(Idioma* 853)
24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ [be] with you all. Amen.
25 Now to him that is of power to stablish you according to my gospel, and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery, which was kept secret since the world began,
(Idioma 825)
26 But now is made manifest, and by the scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the everlasting God, made known to all nations for the obedience of faith:
27 To God only wise, [be] glory through Jesus Christ for ever. Amen.
Italicized words in [brackets] were added by the King James Version translators.
Notes:
Verse 2 Genitive case: “as becometh” or, “worthily of the saints”. Not only does this reflect how they are to behave toward her, but it also reflects her deservedness of that treatment.
That ye receive her in the Lord, as becometh saints, and that ye assist her in whatsoever business she hath need of you: for she hath been a succourer of many, and of myself also.
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for prosdechomai (Strong’s 4327)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 4 May 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G4327& amp;t=KJV >
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for axiōs (Strong’s 516)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 4 May 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G516& amp;t=KJV >
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for hagios (Strong’s 40)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 4 May 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G40& t=KJV >
See also Rom. 15:7 προσλαμβάνω, proslambanō: to aggressively receive.
Compare proslambanō, to aggressively receive with prosdechomai, to aggressively anticipate receiving. Dechomai meaning to welcomely receive, and pros adding intensification to the word it prefixes.
Verses 3 and 7 Metonymy: “in Christ” means in the service of Christ.
Verse 4 ψυχῆς (life) soul, and τράχηλον (necks) used for the entire individual by means of Synecdoche. We know that this is not literal, as verse 3 states… “Greet Priscilla and Aquila…” who must therefore have been alive at that time.
Verse 16 See pg. 184 “Everyday Life In The Holy Land” by Rev. James Neil.
Ellipsis: “Salute one another [men and women respectively] with an holy kiss”.
Verse 18 Synecdoche:
Idioma: simple, ἄκακος, akakos; adjective: without guile or fraud, harmless, free from guilt.
It does not mean foolish, as is sometimes thought.
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for akakos (Strong’s 172)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 30 Apr 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G172& amp;t=KJV >
See also Heb. 7:26 From G2556 κακός and G1 ἄλφα.
In view of Richard C. Trench’s “Synonyms Of The New Testament ”, we can see the figure of speech Synonymia used in the word simple. These two occurrences of the word simple, as different words that are synonyms, combines the two thoughts, giving us a broader perspective.
J. N. Darby Translation (DBY 1890)
“For such serve not our Lord Christ, but their own belly, and by good words and fair speeches deceive the hearts of the unsuspecting”.
Synonymia: see link.
Verse 19 Idioma: simple, ἀκέραιος, akeraios; adjective: unmixed, pure as in wines or metals; of the mind, without a mixture of evil, free from guile, innocent, simple.
Hebrew Names Version (HNV)
“For your obedience has become known to all. I rejoice therefore over you. But I desire to have you wise in that which is good, but innocent in that which is evil. ”
Unsuspecting because of the lack of guile (v18), therefore innocent because of the lack of contamination (v19). The figure Synonymia helps to present a broader understanding by using similar words that do not mean exactly the same thing.
Synonymia: see link.
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for akeraios (Strong’s 185)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 30 Apr 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G185& amp;t=KJV >
From G2767 κεράννυμι and G1 ἄλφα.
See also Matt. 10:16 and Phl. 2:15.
Verse 23 Idioma: chamberlain means manager.
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for oikonomos (Strong’s 3623)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 26 May 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3623& amp;t=KJV >
Verse 25 Idioma: With God, “able” implies also a willingness.
I am not quick to apply this Idiom universally (see Matt. 3:9 and 8:2 as examples).
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for dynamai (Strong’s 1410)”.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2019. 26 May 2019.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G1410& amp;t=KJV >
Thanks go to Blue Letter Bible and Internet Archive and The Cornell University Library for providing public domain material. Thanks also to biblehub.com.
Thanks also to E. W. Bullinger for his work
“Figures Of Speech Used In The Bible”, and thanks to you for taking the time here.
See original at link. Stream Download.
figuresofspeechinthebible.net © 2013-2019. All rights reserved. Material in public domain may be freely copied and distributed without charge for educational, non-commercial purposes. This website, and those referenced by this site as sources of public domain material, are to be referenced. Material that is not in public domain, and indicated as such, is the property of its rightful owner(s), and/or originator.