Heb 13:1-25 KJV –
1 Let brotherly love continue.
2 Be not forgetfulT to entertain strangers: for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.
(TapeinosisT 164)
3 Remember them that are in bonds, as bound with them; [and] them which suffer adversity, as being yourselves also in the body.
4 Marriage [is] honourable in allS, and the bed undefiled: but whoremongers and adulterers God will judgeM.
(MetonymyM 557; SynecdocheS 617)
5 [Let your] conversation [be] without covetousness; [and be] content with such things as ye have: for he hath said, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee.
6 So that we may boldly say, The Lord [is] my helper, and I will not fear what man shall do unto me.
7 Remember them which have the rule over you, who have spoken unto you the word of God: whose faith follow, considering the end of [their] conversation.
8 Jesus Christ the same yesterday, and to day, and for everH .
(Polysyndeton 226; HeterosisH 531; Anthropopatheia 893)
9 Be not carried about with divers and strange doctrines. For [it is] a good thing that the heart be established with grace; not with meatsS , which have not profited them that have been occupied therein.
(SynecdocheS 635)
10 We have an altarM/MM , whereof they have no right to eat which serve the tabernacle.
(MetonymyM 575; MetalepsisMM 609 see footnote)
11 For the bodies of those beasts, whose blood is brought into the sanctuary by the high priest for sin, are burned without the camp.
12 Wherefore Jesus also, that he might sanctify the people with his own bloodM/MM, suffered without the gate.
(MetonymyM ; MetalepsisMM 610 see footnote)
13 Let us go forth therefore unto him without the camp, bearing his reproach.
14 For here have we no continuing city, but we seek one to come.
(Paronomasia 307; see Bengel)
15 By him therefore let us offer the sacrifice of praise to God continually, that is, the fruit of [our] lipsI giving thanks to his nameP.
(PleonasmP 410; Catachresis 678; IdiomaI 844)
16 But to do good and to communicate forget not: for with such sacrifices God is well pleased.
17 Obey them that have the rule over you, and submit yourselves: for they watch for your souls, as they that must give account, that they may do it with joy, and not with grief: for that [is] unprofitableM for you.
(MeiosisM 158)
18 Pray for us: for we trust we have a good conscience, in all things willing to live honestly.
19 But I beseech [you] the rather to do this, that I may be restored to you the sooner.
20 Now the God of peace, that brought again from the dead our Lord Jesus, that great shepherdA of the sheepM, through the blood of the everlasting covenant,
(AnthropopatheiaA 891; MetonymyM 538 )
21 Make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is wellpleasing in his sight, through Jesus Christ; to whom [be] glory for ever and ever. Amen.
22 And I beseech you, brethren, suffer the word of exhortation: for I have written a letter unto you in few words.
23 Know ye that [our] brother Timothy is set at liberty; with whom, if he come shortly, I will see you.
24 Salute all them that have the rule over you, and all the saints. They of Italy salute you.
25 Grace [be] with you all. Amen.
(Ellipsis 25)
Notes:
Verse 2 Tapeinosis (Antenantiosis):
“A lessening of a thing in order to increase IT ” page 159.
“Be not forgetful” means “be especially mindful”.
Verse 4 Metonymy: The word “judge” is used to represent the entire process, hence it is used in place of the word “punish”.
Synecdoche: “…in all…” the whole for a part. This is perhaps better understood as “all in all”, or “all” within the realm of what is acceptable to God as shown in scripture.
Verse 8 Polysyndeton: (too) many conjunctions. Conjunctions join things to each other. In the verse, yesterday is joined to today and to forever by way of the word “and”.
Heterosis: εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας, unto the ages. Forever is the meaning, but it actually says unto the ages.
Anthropopatheia: Time (days) as a means of God administering order to the physical world He created.
Verse 9 Synecdoche: The word “meats” is used with reference to “all” doctrines that carry the believer away from Grace. This then is a part, (only meats), for the whole. The difference between this being Synecdoche and Metonymy is that the word “meats” is not an exchange for the word “doctrines”, but rather for those doctrines regarding meats. As such, it only represents a part of the whole, for there are many doctrines that would lead the believer from salvation by grace to attempting to be saved by ones own works.
Verse 10 Metonymy: “alter” is put for what is sacrificed upon the alter, and later eaten. This then becomes a Metalepsis, or Double Metonymy. In that first Metonymy we do not eat the alter, but what is sacrificed upon it. In the second Metonymy, which depends upon the first, we do not actually eat Christ physically, we partake in what he accomplished for us. Metalepsis is like a Metonymy within a Metonymy. Just as when a box is within a box, the first must be opened to get to the second.
Verse 12 Metonymy/Metalepsis: blood is put for death, while death means what was accomplished by Jesus Christ’s death.
Verse 14 Paronomasia: Similar sounding words, not necessarily similar in meaning, used together to catch the ear.
μένουσαν – menousan; continuing.
μέλλουσαν – mellousan; to come.
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for menō (Strong’s 3306)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 20 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3306&t=KJV >
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for mellō (Strong’s 3195)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 20 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3195&t=KJV >
“Gnomon Of The New Testament” (Vol. 4); Johannes Albrecht Bengel
Bengel calls it Paranomasia rather than Paronomasia.
(See Hosea 14:2 shalam שָׁלַם ; par פַּר ; saphah שָׂפָה)
Jesus Christ offered himself to God as a “once and for all” perfect sacrifice, which God accepted. Confessing with our mouth Jesus Christ as our Lord, and believing in our heart that God indeed has raised him from the dead, is the sacrifice and offering God requires today.
(See Psalm 69:29-32; Rom. 10:9-10)
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for shalam (Strong’s 7999)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 20 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H7999&t=KJV >
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for par (Strong’s 6499)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 20 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H6499&t=KJV >
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for saphah (Strong’s 8193)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 20 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=H8193&t=KJV >
Verse 15 Catachresis: incongruency.
Sacrifice: θυσίαν
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for thysia (Strong’s 2378)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 18 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G2378&t=KJV >
Praise: αἰνέσεως
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for ainesis (Strong’s 133)“.
Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 18 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G133&t=KJV >
Giving thanks: ὁμολογούντων
Blue Letter Bible. “Dictionary and Word Search for homologeō (Strong’s 3670)“. Blue Letter Bible. 1996-2018. 18 Mar 2018.
< http:// www.blbclassic.org/lang/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?Strongs=G3670&t=KJV >
I simply do not see the incongruency in the word ὁμολογούντων that Dr. Bullinger does. I do see it in the phrases “sacrifice of praise” and “fruit of our lips”.
The figure Amphibologia may be here as well. A major key to the scriptures interpreting themselves is in the consideration of “to whom it was written”. In the book called Hebrews we have those who are familiar with the Old Testament by birth and heritage being addressed in a new way; that as members of the church of God, the body of Christ, the New Covenant.
Verse 17 Meiosis: a belittling or diminishing of one thing in order to magnify another. “…for that [is] unprofitableM for you”.
Here “unprofitable” is grossly understated.
Verse 20 Anthropopatheia: God is called a shepherd. Metonymy: God’s people are called sheep. The noun “people” can be substituted here with the word “sheep” because of the Anthropopatheia.
Verse 25 Ellipsis: (The) grace (of God be) with you all. Amen.
Thanks go to Blue Letter Bible and Internet Archive and The Cornell University Library for providing public domain material.
Thanks also to E. W. Bullinger for his work
“Figures Of Speech Used In The Bible”, and thanks to you for taking the time here.
See original at link. Stream Download.
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